用英語進行書面表達,涉及到英語知識的各個方面,掌握好英語句子結構是寫好書面表達的基礎。以下根據現行中學英語教材,將各種句子歸納為十二類英語句型,前五類是最基本的英語句型,而其余幾類句型和各種英語句子又都是這五類句型的擴展。學習、掌握了這些基本句型,對于聯詞組句會大有幫助,也會促進英語作文能力的提高。
第一類句型 主語+系動詞+表語
例句:You are a student./ He is no longer what he used to be./ The sun looks bright in the sky.
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
1. to become a scientist, his, is, wish (他的愿望是當科學家。)
2. next year, fourteen, my son, will be (我兒子明年14歲。)
3. well, didn’t, yesterday, I, feel (我昨天感到不舒適。)
第二類句型 主語+(不及物動詞)謂語+(狀語)
例句:The sun has risen./ They worked day and night./ She stood smiling at me.
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
4. her husband, waited for, she, to come back(她等待著她丈夫回來。)
5. library, the, came, she, into (她進了圖書館。)
6. so as to, the first bus, got up early, he, catch (他起床很早,以便趕上頭班公共汽車。)
第三類句型 主語+(及物動詞)謂語+賓語
例句:She is watering the flowers./ She couldn’t keep back her tears./ We spend a lot of money on books.
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
7. the students, doing, their homework, are (學生們正在做家庭作業。)
8. to do, each day, he, tried, a good deed (他努力爭取每天做一件好事。)
9. before, remember, I, seeing, somewhere, her (我記得在哪兒見過她。)
第四類句型 主語+(及物動詞)謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語
例句:He gave me some beautiful pictures./ Would you fetch some water for the children?/ She told the students (that) the old man was her father.
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
10. the purse, handed, he, to the teacher (他把錢包交給了老師。)
11. whose order, we, is, it, will, show you (我們會讓你看看,這是誰的命令。)
12. cost, the, bike, new, 300 yuan, him (買這輛自行車,他花了300元。)
第五類句型 主語+(及物動詞)謂語+賓語+賓補
例句:The boy kicked the door open./ We thought it better for you to take the medicine in time./ The boss made the workers work long hours.
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
13. monitor, him, of our class, we, elected (我們選舉他當班長。)
14. he, her, to be a dancer, wanted (他想讓她當個舞蹈家。)
15. it, a pity, consider, that, I, he has given up studying English (我認為他放棄學英語真可惜。)
第六類句型 祈使句結構
例句:Come in, please./ Be careful not to touch it./ Don’t read in a moving bus.
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
16. piece, paper, pass, her of, a (遞給她一張紙。)
17. be, silly, so, don’t (別這么傻。)
18. the boy, please, in, let (請讓這孩子進去吧。)
第七類句型 感嘆句結構
例句:What a silly boy he is!/ How wonderful to be invited to a palace ball!
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
19. silly, a, is, he, boy, what (他是多么蠢的孩子呀!)
20. hard, they, how, working, are (他們干得真起勁!)
第八類句型 疑問句結構
例句:Were they busy yesterday?/ Which book is yours?/ Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?./ You are tired, aren’t you?
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
21. go, with you, Tom, did, there (湯姆和你一起去那里了嗎?)
22. to school, yesterday, who, the earliest, came (誰昨天到校最早呀?)
23. like, or, sports, you, do, music (你喜歡運動呢,還是喜歡音樂?)
24. leave, wouldn’t, will you, for long, you (你不會離開太久,對嗎?)
第九類句型 否定句結構
例句:He is not an engineer./ I shall not ask him for help./ Nobody can work it out.
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
25. on the table, a book, isn’t, there (桌上沒有書。)
26. come to, yesterday, didn’t, he, school (他昨天沒上學。)
27. from, is, none, the, of, students, Shanghai (這些學生沒有一個是上海人。)
第十類句型 并列句結構
例句:Tears appeared in her eyes, but he did not notice it./ The composition is all right; however there is room for improvement./ We must hurry, or we’ll be late.
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
28. spring, the trees, and, turned green, came (春天來了,樹變綠了。)
29. nobody, found, so, he, he, went away, in the room (他發現室內無人,所以就走了。)
30. must be ill, didn’t, this morning, she, she come to school, for (她一定是病了,因為他今天上午沒上學。)
第十一類句型 復合句結構
例句:Whether we can solve the difficulty still remains a question./ His suggestion is that we go to Beidaihe to spend our holidays./ I wish I could enter college./ The man who is standing by the door is our English teacher./ I’ll write to you as soon as I get there./ The news that the Chinese Women’s volley ball team has won the world’s championship soon spread over the whole country.
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
31. to go, at once, wants, may, whoever, go (無論誰想走,就可以馬上走。)
32. who, the question, have, is, a try, will, first (問題是誰先試一試。)
33. he, him, would, the king, set, replied, free, that (國王回答說,他會釋放他的。)
34. I, in Swiss, bought, the watch, which, yesterday, is made (我昨天買的手表是瑞士造的。)
35. began to cry, when, saw, his mother, the boy, he (那男孩看到他媽媽時就哭了。)
36. the earth, the sun, we all, the fact, moves, know, that, around (我們知道這個事實:地球圍繞太陽轉。)
第十二類句型 強調句結構
例句:It was your sister that I met in the zoo yesterday./ It was yesterday that I met your sister in the zoo.
練習:根據漢語意思重新組合下列各句(注意首詞第一個字母要大寫)
37. they, who, it is, tomorrow, will have a meeting (就是他們明天要開會。)
38. the Second World War, that, was, it, died, he, during (他就是在第二次世界大戰期間死的。)
注:由于答案簡單,故略。