Unit 2 The Environment
Words and Expressions
I. Word extension
1.economy---___________(adj.) -- ______________(經濟學家) 2.environment---_______________(adj.)-- _____________（環境保護專家）
3.preservation---____________(vt.) 4.poisonous---_______________(n.)
5.benefit---______________(adj.) 6.responsible---____________(n.)
7.stable---______________(n.) 8.effective---___________(n.)--________(vt.)
9.destruction---____________(vt.) 10.disappoint---_______________(n.)
11.establish---_____________(n.) 12.concern-_________(adj.)--________(prep)
13.conservation---___________(vt.) 14.prohibit---_______________(n.)
15.expand---______________(n.) 16.appreciate---______________(n.)
17.shame--_______________(adj.) 18.decrease---________________(反義詞)
19. technical ---_____________(技術人員) 20. diverse---_________________(n.)
II. Key words
1.debate ⑴vt. &vi 辯論，爭論
搭配：debate（about）sth. with sb.
debate wh-+to do
debate with oneself 獨自考慮，心中盤算
⑵n. 辯論，爭論
under debate 正在辯論中
eg. 1. 他們正在爭辯什么？_______________________________________
2. 他們正在討論去還是不去。_________________________________________
3. 我們必須就這件事和父母討論一下。__________________________________.
拓展：beyond debate 無可爭辯
open a debate 展開爭辯
hold a debate 舉行爭辯
a warm debate 激烈的爭辯
2.lay vt. 產卵，下蛋，放置，擺放 （laid , laid ）
lie (撒謊)----lied---lied
lie（平躺）---lay---lain
eg. 不要把你的外套放在床上。
______________________________________________________
My brother ______ the hen aside, saying, “It doesn’t _____well these days, perhaps it is sick.
A. lay, lay B. lied, lay C. laid, lie D. laid, lay
拓展：lay aside 把----放在一邊，儲存（某物）待用
lay off 解雇（工人）
lay out 攤開，擺出
3. approach ⑴vt & vi 接近，靠近，著手處理
eg 1.______________________________ 教師節快到了。
2. He is a man hard ___________________. 他是個難以接近的人。
3. She __________ everything in a peculiar way.
她處理問題方式很怪。
⑵ n. [u] 靠近，臨近 [c] 通路，入口，方法，途徑（常和介詞to連用）
I like her_________ to the problem.
我喜歡她解決這個問題的方法。
拓展： make approaches to sb. 設法接近。。。
approach sb. on/about sth. 為。。。與。。。打交道
be easy of approach （人）容易接近；(地方)容易到達，交通方便
4. shock ⑴vt. 使震驚，使震動
eg. It shocked me to think how close we had come to being killed.
想到我們差一點喪命，我就非常害怕。
____________________________________________.
他的所作所為讓我們很震驚。
⑵ n.[c] 令人震驚的事件（情況）消息
_____________ it is to hear that the factory would have to close.
A. What a shock B. What shock
C. How a shock D. How shock
5. closely adv. 強調程度上“嚴密地，緊密地，相似地，仔細地。
close adj. &adv. 強調空間距離上近。
Don’t stand too ______ to the dog. 別離狗太近。
He listened ______to me. 他仔細地聽我講話。
We were so _______ packed in the lift that I could hardly move.
我們緊緊地擠在電梯里，我幾乎動彈不了。
6. measure ⑴n. 措施，方法，程度
⑵vt. 測量（長度，大小，重量等）
The centimeter is a _________ of length. 厘米是長度的單位。
The tailor ________ me for a suit. 裁縫量了我的尺寸好做西裝。
拓展： take measures to do sth. 采取措施做……
beyond measure 非常地，過度地
in large measure/ in some measure 在很大/某種程度上
take one’s measure 量。。。的尺寸；判斷。。。的性格
7. concern ⑴.vt. 與……有關， 關系到，使有關，使擔心
be concerned about sth. 擔心，憂慮
concern oneself about/ with sth. 使自己關心……
e.g. Don’t ________ yourself _______other people’s affairs. 別干涉他人的事。
So/as far as sb./sth. be concerned 就----而言
拓展：concerned adj. 憂慮的（前置定語、表語），concerning prep. 關于
e.g. __________ ____________ 憂慮的家長
a ___________ _________ 憂慮的表情
____________ your advice, I am thinking about it.
It’s a question ____________ ___________ ____________ _____________.
這是個關于他個人生活的問題。
8. remain ⑴vi. 剩余，遺留，停留
e.g. She _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ ______ her children.
她留在家中照顧小孩。
After the fire, _________ ___________. 火災過后，所剩無幾。
⑵ link v. 仍然是，保存=stay
Although he was asked again and again, he ________ _________. 雖被反復追問，他仍然保持緘默。
拓展：remaining adj. 剩下的（常作前置定語） cf. left adj. 剩下的（常作后置定語）
remain to be done 留待以后再說
e.g. It remains to be seen whether he will pass the test.
9. decrease 減少，減小 （反義詞：increase）
decrease in … 在……方面減少
decrease by… 減少（數量）
decrease to… 減少到（結果）
e.g. _________ growth is decreasing ______1.4% each year. 每年人口的增長減少了1.4%。
The boss is going to __________ ________ __________. 老板準備減少他的報酬。
The membership decreased ________ 150. 會員數減少到150人。
Since 1945, air forces have decreased _________ _________.1945年以來，空軍的數量已經有了減少。
III．Key phrases
1. in addition 另外，加之 cf. in addition to 加之……；除了……之外。
When he fell off his bike, he hurt his arm and, _______ __________ _________ his glasses. 他從車上摔下來，摔傷了，胳膊，還摔壞了眼鏡。
There was an earthquake and, ________ ________, (另外) there were huge waves.
He speaks French _______ ________ _________ English. （除了英語以為）
2. wipe out
⑴徹底消滅，摧毀， 除去，擦洗干凈
________________________________________________. 整個村莊在戰爭中被毀滅。
These stains won’t easily ________ ________. 這些斑點不易去掉。
拓展：wipe away 擦去，消除
wipe off 擦掉，除掉
wipe up 擦凈，擦掉
3. cut back (on) 消減，縮減，減少
___________________________________________. 我們應該減少開支。
拓展： cut off 切斷 cut in 插嘴， 超車
cut up 切碎 cut down 砍倒，消減
Don’t ________ while I’m speaking.
You’d better cut ________ on eating out in restaurants.
A. off B. down C. in D. away
4. run out （of） 用完；耗盡
e.g. ____________________________________. 我們很快就會吃完我們的食物。
改為同義句Our food _______________________________.
拓展： run across=run into 偶然發現；偶然碰到
in the long run 從長遠看；終究
in the short run 在短期內；目前，當前
5. open the floor 自由發言
eg. After ________ the poem, the children ______________ for discussion.
讀完這首詩歌后，孩子們開始自由討論。
拓展：ask for the floor 要求發言
be on the floor 還在發言中
give the floor to 給于發言權
take the floor 開始發言
6. be stocked with 裝備有……
_____________________ 這書架上裝有好多書。
拓展：
in stock 備有， 有現貨
7. result in 導致/引起 （+結果）
result from 由于（+原因）
lead to (doing ) sth. 導致；通向
The accident resulted _______ three deaths. 這個事故導致三人死亡。
The accident ________________________________.
Three deaths ________________________________
Answers:
I.1.economic- economist 2. environmental- environmentalist
3.preserve 4. poison 5. beneficial 6. responsibility 7. stability
8. effect- affect 9. destroy 10. disappointment 11. establishment
12. concerned-concerning 13. conserve 14. prohibition 15. expansion
16. appreciation 17. shameful 18. decrease 19. technician 20. diversity
II. 1.
1. What are they debating about?
2. They are debating whether to go or not.
3. We must debate the question with parents.
2.
Don’t lay your coat on the bed.
D
3.
1. Teachers’ day is approaching.
2. to approach
3. approaches
approach
4.
what he had done shocked us most.
A.
5.
close, closely, closely.
6. measure
measured
7. concern …with/ about
concerned parents , concerned look, concerning.
Concerning his private life
8. remained at home to look after
little remained
remained silent
9. population by
decrease his wage/ pay
to
in size
III.
1. in addition to/ in addition/ in addition to
2. the whole village was wiped out in the battle / war
wipe out
3.we should cut back on our expenses
cut in ,
B.
4.we will soon run out of our food
will soon run out
5.reading, opened the floor.
6.The bookshelf is stocked with lots of books
7.in
led to three deaths
resulted from the accident.